It started when King Ferdinand a catholic was crowned king of Bohemia. While on the one hand there is a strong case for religious origins of this conflict, this view is not supported by all historians - although it has in the last decade become more accepted as basic reason for the initial inception of the war. If you continue, thirty years war essay, we will assume that you agree to our Cookies Policy OK. Related Essays Terrorism as a World-wide Problem Essay. Protestant church building. Thirty Years War. Hud was condemned for teaching his beliefs.
The execution of Jan Hus (1415).
The chaotic warfare led to a large number of casualties and devastated entire regions. The paper will also detail the thirty years war essay of Westphalia and the obliteration of a large European city Magdeburg. It will be argued that despite the enormous cost of the military conflict, it helped to achieve a balance of political power on the continent. The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in Europe can be viewed as a long sequence of violent military clashes the sheer volume of which prevented historians from giving specific names to some of them Wiesner-Hanks The war was characterized by intermittent violence which involved the participation of Sweden, thirty years war essay, Spain, France, and Austria Wisner-Hanks The balkanization of religious denominations in Europe made it extremely difficult to settle ecclesiastical conflicts without resorting to the use of violence.
In his book on early modern European history, Wisner-Hanks argues that territorial and dynastic consideration took precedence over religious ones in the war The destruction of a German city Magdeburg that occurred during the second half of the war was a major humanitarian catastrophe in the seventeenth century. According to Robinson, the sack of the city led to more than thirty years war essay, casualties in Robinson The Treaty of Westphalia was a sequence of peace agreements that ended the war. Even though Wisner-Hanks recognizes the importance of the document, the author emphasizes that it failed to achieve lasting peace It follows that the treaty helped to ameliorate the influence of major religious disputes that had taken place in central Europe.
The intermittent violence that occurred in the seventeenth century was an example of the previously unseen ability of the belligerent political atmosphere to precipitate thirty years war essay on a massive scale. It is hard to disagree with Wisner-Hanks in his assessment of the religious undertones of the conflict, thirty years war essay. Wisner-Hanks points to the fact that neither the Calvinists, thirty years war essay, nor Lutherans, nor Catholics were content with the results of the Peace of Augsburg established in It follows that the mercurial relationships between the denominations served as a perfect conduit for political discontent.
It can be argued that the connection between religious and political tensions is a mutually-reinforcing one. Thus, the creation of military alliances by Lutheran and Catholic rulers can be regarded as the emergence a positive feedback loop. The formation of the Protestant Union and the Catholic League increased magnitudes of the two elements of the loop—religion and politics. From this vantage point, it is clear that the Peace of Augsburg was doomed from the beginning. Despite the devastation that the war brought to the European continent, thirty years war essay, it helped to bring sovereignty to major states that comprised the Empire.
The Netherlands, Switzerland, and Sweden won a substantial extent of religious freedom, which was a major achievement of the military conflict. It has been argued that the war was precipitated by the confluence of political and religious incentives that guided European rulers towards violent confrontations. The military conflict brought sovereignty to many states and helped to undermine political sway of religion. Need a custom Essay sample written from scratch by professional specifically for you? certified writers online.
The Thirty Years' War. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. If you continue, we will assume that you agree to our Cookies Policy. Table of Contents. Introduction Main Themes Discussion Conclusion Works Cited. Learn More. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. Removal Request. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. The First Crusade and the Reasons Behind It The Concept of Righteous War in Ancient China.
GET WRITING HELP. Cite This paper. Select a referencing style:. Copy to Clipboard Copied! APA-6 MLA-8 Chicago N-B Chicago A-D Harvard. Reference IvyPanda. Work Cited "The Thirty Thirty years war essay War. Bibliography IvyPanda. References IvyPanda. More related papers. Check the price of your paper. If you continue, we will assume that you agree to our Cookies Policy OK.
essay about your life story
Despite the devastation that the war brought to the European continent, it helped to bring sovereignty to major states that comprised the Empire. The Netherlands, Switzerland, and Sweden won a substantial extent of religious freedom, which was a major achievement of the military conflict. It has been argued that the war was precipitated by the confluence of political and religious incentives that guided European rulers towards violent confrontations. The military conflict brought sovereignty to many states and helped to undermine political sway of religion. Need a custom Essay sample written from scratch by professional specifically for you? certified writers online. The Thirty Years' War. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible.
If you continue, we will assume that you agree to our Cookies Policy. Table of Contents. Introduction Main Themes Discussion Conclusion Works Cited. Learn More. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. Removal Request. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. The First Crusade and the Reasons Behind It The Concept of Righteous War in Ancient China. GET WRITING HELP. Cite This paper. Select a referencing style:. Copy to Clipboard Copied! APA-6 MLA-8 Chicago N-B Chicago A-D Harvard. Reference IvyPanda. Work Cited "The Thirty Years' War. Bibliography IvyPanda. docx · Level: College Junior · Topic: Mythology - Religion.
Download the perfectly formatted MS Word file! Worse Than War What are the main objectives of the video? The main objectives of Daniel Jonah Goldhagen's Worse than War documentary include explaining the causes of genocide, exposing the…. World War One was supposed to be the war that ended all other wars on the planet,…. Pages: 3 words · Type: Term Paper · Style: MLA · Bibliography Sources: 2. War of the worlds by H. Wells and "Why War? Pages: 2 words · Type: Essay · Bibliography Sources: 1. War of the Worlds by H. Wells's novel "The War of the Worlds" has a complex understanding of technology and…. Pages: 2 words · Type: Term Paper · Bibliography Sources: 2. reprisal came in the form…. Pages: 13 words · Type: Research Paper · Bibliography Sources: 0.
All Rights Reserved. War Years war Thirty Years War Thirty Years War The Thirty Years' War is described as a period of intense and extremely disruptive conflict in Germany and Europe. One historian states that it was "…an epoch of the most fanatical and savage conflict, a bloody time of religious war, whose flame was lit in Bohemia in to rage through Germany with devastation and fire for a quarter of a century. The gruesome devastations of the 30 years war were followed by an uprising of mankind against cruelty and oppression. The spirit of humanity and tolerance grew stronger than at any time before.
The more the churches were imbued with this new spirit the closer they came back to the very sources of Christianity " It is clear from the above that this period of warfare was seen to be a time if intense cruelty and oppression that required a resurgence of compassion and tolerance. Taking into account the impact and the magnitude of this conflict it is perhaps not surprising that there is still contention and debate about its causes and origins. While on the one hand there is a strong case for religious origins of this conflict, this view is not supported by all historians - although it has in the last decade become more accepted as basic reason for the initial inception of the war.
Download full paper NOW! This paper will attempt to provide a brief overview of these two main reasons and suggest that the causes of this devastating war were both religious and political. Political and Religious Causes. TOPIC: Essay on 30 Years War Assignment In terms of the larger issue and conflicts, this war was about the contest for European dominance and control. This includes the Bourbon -- Habsburg rivalry, which was to lead to increased conflict between France and the Habsburg power bases. From this perspective one could expand on the causes of the conflict as essentially a matter of political contestation, rather than a religious matter.
However, as many critics and historians suggest, the origins of this conflict were extremely complex and problematic to identity categorically. The impetus towards war seems to have been more religious than political. While the Thirty Years War was fought primarily in Germany, it drew in and involved most of the countries and governments of Europe. This factor immediately alerts one to the complexity of the possible causative features of the conflict. As noted, many studies emphasize the complexity of the problem of assigning definitive causes to this conflict. There is also a growing consensus among scholars that there is no one single factor that can be said to have resulted in this conflict and its continuation and that the answer to the question of causation must take into account a wide range of factors and variables that impacted on historical events over a long period of time.
Therefore, there is a distinction to be made between the originating causes of the conflict and the causes that resulted in the continuation and the escalation of this war. There is also general agreement that the initiating factors of the conflict were largely religious in nature. However, once again, one must be aware of the fact that religion and politics were closely intertwined during this period of European history. The religious dispute that began the war was essentially between the Protestants and the Catholics in the Holy Roman Empire.
More particularly, the conflict between the German Lutherans and the Catholics had been ended by the Peace of Augsburg This conference was an important stage of the Reformation in Germany. As Cavendish notes, "The Holy Roman Empire was being torn to pieces by the mutual antagonism, intolerance and incomprehension of Roman Catholics and Lutherans…" This was exacerbated by various political machinations that were to become more evident after the beginning of the war. The Augsburg Peace states that the German princes could choose the religion of their territory and that the Lutherans could retain their faith, among other agreements.
However, while this agreement served to end the hostility between the two groups it did not resolve the fundamental religious differences and suspicions that that simmered beneath the surface. This religious antagonism was also exacerbated by the spread of Calvinism. There was no tolerance for any other form of Protestantism other than Lutheranism. This was only one of the complications that were to lead to the re-emergence of religious animosities. Concomitant with the above were the underlying political factions and the jostling for European power.
No comments:
Post a Comment